Benchmarking Modern Data Processing Engines
Historically, data processing often relied on Pandas for in-memory workloads and Apache Spark for distributed processing. This approach was highly effective for structured tabular data.
However, modern workloads increasingly involve multimodal data, such as images, audio, and video frames. In these scenarios, traditional challenges like the JVM's garbage collection overhead and Python's Global Interpreter Lock can become performance bottlenecks, particularly when integrating GPU inference. This shift has accelerated the adoption of engines built on Rust and Apache Arrow.
Having transitioned many of my own single-instance pipelines to Polars, I wanted to objectively evaluate how it compares to other modern engines. This article presents a comparison of several Rust-based compute frameworks using real-world datasets to provide a practical guide for choosing the right tool.
The entire benchmark suite and runnable code can be found in the engine-comparison-demo repository. I encourage you to clone it, run the benchmarks on your own hardware, and verify the results yourself.